scratch

scratch a — and find a —

used to suggest that an investigation of someone or something soon reveals their true nature

[指揭露某人（或某事）真面目的调查]除去…的假象你将发现…的本质

they believe that if you scratch a homophobe, you'll probably find a racist.

他们确信如果你剥去一个厌恶同性恋者的外衣，一个种族主义者的真面目就会暴露无遗。

scratch one's head

(informal)think hard in order to find a solution to something

(非正式)冥思苦想问题的解答

scratch the surface

deal with a matter only in the most superficial way

浅尝；触及表面

research has only scratched the surface of the paranormal.

研究仅涉及超正常范围的表面。

initiate the briefest investigation to discover something concealed

进行简短调查

they have a boring image but scratch the surface and it's fascinating.

它们有种令人生厌的形象，可是一旦调查起来，却很令人着迷。

up to scratch

up to the required standard; satisfactory

达到标准；令人满意的

her German was not up to scratch.

她的德语还不行。

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours

(proverb)if you do me a favour, I'll return it

(谚)你帮我，我帮你；投我以桃，报之以李

from scratch

From the very beginning.

最开始的

up to scratch【非正式用语】

Meeting the requirements.

符合要求的

In fit condition.

状态良好的